Frozen Conflicts

The Transnistria Conflict: Origins, Russian Aggression, and Paths to Resolution

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The Transnistria Conflict: Origins, Russian Aggression, and Paths to Resolution

Introduction More than three decades after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the conflict in Transnistria remains one of Europe’s most enduring “frozen conflicts.” Situated along the eastern border of the Republic of Moldova, this narrow strip of land has functioned as a de facto state since the early 1990s, supported politically, economically, and militarily … Read more

Kashmir Dispute Explained: History, Power, and the Stakes of a Divided Region

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Kashmir Dispute Explained: History, Power, and the Stakes of a Divided Region

Kashmir remains one of the most enduring and complex geopolitical flashpoints in the modern world. Situated at the intersection of South and Central Asia, this mountainous region is not only a territorial dispute but also a convergence point of historical grievances, national identities, and strategic ambitions. Geography and Demographics The Kashmir region spans approximately 222,000 … Read more